Saturday, November 7, 2015

THE FRIENDS OF DANIEL SHERWOOD'S ISLAND

Speranza


Sherwood Island State Park
Connecticut State Park
WestportCTSherwoodIsParkBeachEastSide11172007.JPG
East Beach at Sherwood Island State Park
Country United States
State Connecticut
CountyFairfield
TownWestport
Elevation10 ft (3 m) [1]
Coordinates41°06′56″N 73°19′42″W  [1]
Area238 acres (96 ha) [2]
Opened1932
ManagementConnecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection
Location in Connecticut
Website: Sherwood Island State Park
Sherwood Island State Park is a Connecticut state park on the shore of Long Island Sound in the Greens Farms section of Westport, covering 238 acres (96 ha) of beach, wetlands, and woodlands. The park is bounded on the west by the Sherwood Mill Pond and on the south by Long Island Sound. It is separated from the mainland by creeks and ditches.

History[edit]

In the 1640s, several colonists from the Town of Fairfield, who came to be known as the "Bankside Farmers," settled in the area that included Fox Island, which was later renamed Sherwood Island, administering the island in common.[3][4]
Daniel Sherwood settled on Fox Island in 1787. During the 1800s, his large family farmed the uplands on the west side of the island and operated a gristmill on the Mill Pond. Many farmers shared the Machamux salt marsh. (See also Henry Burr Sherwood.)[5] By the 1860s, the place was known as "Sherwood's Island." Gallup Gap Creek at one time ran north and south on the east side of the park but not far from the center. Some have said that what was known previously as Sherwood's Island was only west of that creek, which was later dammed up to help water flow at the grist mill.[6]
When the Connecticut State Park Commission was formed in 1911, one of its main tasks was to find and develop shore parks along Connecticut's coastline. Field secretary Albert Turner walked the shoreline seeking suitable sites: several hundred acres of undeveloped land with natural scenic beauty, fronting on a good beach, and far enough from cities to ensure freedom from sewage pollution and lack of interference with industrial development. He concluded that Sherwood Island was the only suitable site in Fairfield County.[7]
At that time, the land had many owners. Acting for the state, Westport farmer and public citizen William H. Burr Jr., who led the fight to create the park, bought two small parcels in 1914, including a 5-acre (20,000 m2) strip of beachfront,[8] giving Sherwood Island its designation as Connecticut’s first state park, although it took another two decades for the park to be widely used. Various parcels bought by 1915 amounted to 24 acres (97,000 m2) by deed, although a state survey showed they in fact amounted to 30 acres (120,000 m2). The park at this point had 23,350 feet (7,120 m) of shorefront.[7]
In 1923 another 18 acres (73,000 m2) north of the island were acquired for possible use as a parking lot, although they were unconnected to the other 30 acres (120,000 m2). Some access to the park at this time was available through the Town of Westport's Burying Hill Beach. At this point, further development of the park stalled when local landowners, led by local property owner Edward Gair, persuaded a town meeting to oppose further land acquisitions and spending on the park. The state legislature, reluctant to act without local approval, defeated a proposal from the State Parks Commission to spend $500,000 on further park development. Large beachfront properties were acquired by developers. For the next nine years, supporters and opponents in Westport and Fairfield County debated the matter. By 1932, the state leased more land in what became the park (with an option to buy within five years) and opened the park that summer.[7]
On April 29, 1937, with the lease and option to buy nearing expiration, Governor Wilbur L. Cross signed two bills with a total appropriation of $485,000 for the state to buy more land and develop the park. This was a victory for the Connecticut Forestry Association, the Fairfield County Planning Association, and supporters, including William H. Burr, who came to be known as the father of the park.[7]
In the 1950s, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers constructed jetties and extended the two beaches. The park's beaches are 6,000 feet (1,800 m) long, more than a mile.[8] Waves on the beach separate three different colors of sand into separate lines — red (garnet), black (magnetite) and white (quartz) are sorted by the waves because each type has a different density and shape.[9]In 1959, the state built an art deco styled pavilion/bathhouse that Leary notes was "long overdue."[10] In 2002, a memorial was dedicated to the victims of the September 11, 2001 attacks.

Activities and amenities[edit]

The park's diverse activities include saltwater swimming and fishing, picnicking, scuba diving, field sports, bird watching, flying kites and model airplanes, and visiting the nature center.[11]Facilities include a pavilion, bathhouses, concessions, a first aid station, toilets, and drinking fountains.[10]

Nature center[edit]

The first nature center was set up by Park Supervisor Glenn Dochtermann in an unused first-aid and lifeguard building in the 1990s. Dochterman used the site as a meeting place for guided field trips and furnished the building with local specimens. In 1995, the Friends of Sherwood Island supported the nature center and established a summer internship program. In 2002, the building was deemed structurally unsound and a campaign to construct a new nature center was launched. The total cost of $340,000 for the new building came from $196,000 from the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection and $144,000 from the Friends of Sherwood Island. The new facility was constructed and opened in 2009.[12] The Sherwood Island Nature Center is a summer facility that offers close-up experiences with live animals, displays about the environment and local history, and educational programs.[13]

September 11 Memorial[edit]

9-11 Memorial at Sherwood Island.
Sherwood Island State Park was chosen for Connecticut's September 11 Living Memorial because on a clear day, the New York City skyline is visible from the point.[14]On 9/11, people at the park witnessed the smoke rise over the World Trade Center and the park later served as a staging area for relief effort. At the dedication on September 5, 2002, the names of 149 deceased victims of the attacks were read aloud; each person was a resident of Connecticut or had close family in the state. Governor John G. Rowland presided over the interfaith ceremony of music, speech, and prayer. The memorial's design incorporates the endurance of granite, the sheltering beauty of trees, and the tranquility of the sea. The 9-foot (2.7 m) polished granite stone monument reads, "The citizens of Connecticut dedicate this living memorial to the thousands of innocent lives lost on September 11, 2001 and to the families who loved them."[15] The memorial is handicapped-accessible.[10]
The park is accessed from Exit 18 on Connecticut Route 95 (I-95) and proceeding south onto Sherwood Island Connector, also known as Connecticut Special Service Road 476,[16] before reaching the park's paved and gravel parking areas.[10]

Gallery[edit]

  • East from the pavilion roof
    •  
  • Pavilion, from the south
    •  
  • Distinctive picnic spot, west side
    •  
  • Beach on west side and "Protected Sand Dune Area"
    •  
  • Some of more than 100 picnic tables northwest of the pavilion

References[edit]

  1. ^ Jump up to:a b "Sherwood Island State Park". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
  2. Jump up^ Legislative Program Review and Investigations Committee (January 23, 2014). "State Parks and Forests: Funding" (PDF). Staff Findings and Recommendations. Connecticut General Assembly. p. A-3. Retrieved March 20, 2014.
  3. Jump up^ George Penfield Jennings (1971). Greens Farms, Connecticut: The Old West Parish of Fairfield. Modern Books and Crafts. p. 2. Retrieved 8 August 2014.
  4. Jump up^ "Colonial Green's Farms". Friends of Sherwood Island. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  5. Jump up^ "History of the Park". Friends of Sherwood Island. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  6. Jump up^ "The Controversial Creeks". Friends of Sherwood Island. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  7. ^ Jump up to:a b c d "The 23-Year War". Friends of Sherwood Island. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  8. ^ Jump up to:a b Connecticut Impressionist Art Trail sign at east end of pavilion at Sherwood Island State Park, read on November 17, 2007
  9. Jump up^ Skehan, James W., Roadside Geology of Connecticut and Rhode Island, p 224, Missoula, Montana: Mountain Press Publishing Co., 2008, ISBN 978-0-8784-2547-1
  10. ^ Jump up to:a b c d Leary, Joseph (2004). A Shared Landscape: A Guide & History of Connecticut's State Parks & Forests. Friends of the Connecticut State Parks, Inc. pp. 45–46. ISBN 0974662909.
  11. Jump up^ "Sherwood Island State Park". State Parks and Forests. Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection. Retrieved April 15, 2014.
  12. Jump up^ "History of the Nature Center". Friends of Sherwood Island. Retrieved 22 May 2014.
  13. Jump up^ "Nature Center". Friends of Sherwood Island. Retrieved 22 May 2014.
  14. Jump up^ Barnett D. Laschever; Andi Marie Cantele; Kim Grant (18 May 2009). Explorer's Guide Connecticut. The Countryman Press. pp. 88–. ISBN 978-0-88150-824-6. Retrieved28 November 2011.
  15. Jump up^ "Connecticut's 9-11 Living Memorial". Connecticut DEEP. Retrieved 18 February 2013.
  16. Jump up^ "Secret Route List". Connecticut Roads. Kurumi. Retrieved April 15, 2014.

Additional sources[edit]

  • Greens Farms, Connecticut: The Old West Parish of Fairfield, George Penfield Jennings, The Congregational Society of Greens Farms, 1933; reprinted: Modern Books & Crafts, 1971.
  • The William H. Burr Jr. Collection (B-112), Fairfield Historical Society, Fairfield, Connecticut.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sherwood Island State Park.
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