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Tuesday, July 21, 2026

 For the gens Pacuvia, the first-best Grice/Speranza candidate is surely Marcus Pacuvius the tragedian. Not because he is the most politically important Pacuvius, but because he is perhaps the most philosophically fertile. Horace places him among the great early Roman tragedians, and Cicero, Quintilian, and others treat him with enormous respect. In a Gricean reconstruction, Pacuvius sits exactly where Grice likes to look: between poetry, rhetoric, inference, and audience uptake. The rival candidates are interesting:  Sextus Pacuvius Taurus, the flatterer who persuaded Rome to rename Sextilis as Augustus, gives a splendid case of political implicature and courtly over-politeness. Pacuvius Labeo, associated with the Caesarian conspiracy and father of the great juristic tradition through Antistius Labeo, gives legal and political material. Pacuvius Hister, Juvenal's legacy-hunter, gives satire and social manipulation.  But none is so naturally Gricean as the poet. A Speranzian vignette might begin:  G. Why Pacuvius? S. Because tragedy is conversation under maximum pressure. G. Better than ordinary language? S. Less ordinary, perhaps. But more revealing.  What makes Pacuvius especially attractive is that he belongs to the same world as Accius. Much of his work survives only in fragments. That means we encounter him mainly through selected uptake: lines remembered, quoted, extracted, reused. Grice would love that. A complete play tells a story. A fragment asks:  Why was this line remembered?  Which is almost a question about implicature. For the more eccentric Speranza, one might even choose Sextus Pacuvius Taurus, the flatterer of Augustus. The proposal:  rename Sextilis as Augustus  is itself a political speech act. One can imagine: Augustus:  "I did not ask for this."  Pacuvius Taurus:  "Certainly not, Caesar."  Implicature:  +> The proposal is all the more admirable because it appears spontaneous.  A very Roman version of what Grice would call saying one thing and managing to communicate another. Still, if I were choosing a single Pacuvius for the Verbali, I would select:  Marcus Pacuvius, tragedian of Brundisium.  The dry Speranzian reason:  The flatterer changed the name of a month. The jurist left descendants. The legacy-hunter collected inheritances. The poet left fragments. And fragments, for a Gricean, are often where the conversation begins.

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