Il nudo maschile nella statuaria romana antica: DIADOUMENO

Speranza




Reconstruction Drawing of the Diadoumenos by Polykleitos in the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Statue of Diadoumenos (athlete tying a fillet around his head), ca. 69–96 A.D.

Flavian Roman copy of a Greek bronze statue by Polykleitos, ca. 430 B.C.
Marble (Pentelic); H. 73 in. (185.42 cm)
Fletcher Fund, 1925 (25.78.56)

This statue is known as a Diadoumenos, an athlete tying a fillet around his head after a victory in an athletic contest.

 

It is a first-century A.D. Roman copy of a Greek bronze original dated around 430 B.C.

 

The original bronze probably stood in a sanctuary such as that at Olympia or Delphi, where games were regularly held.

 

Ancient literary accounts (Lucian, Philopseudes, 18; Pliny, N.H. xxxiv, 15) and over forty known copies attest to the original bronze being one of the most highly esteemed creations of Polykleitos, the renowned Greek sculptor from Argos who worked during the mid—fifth century B.C.

 

Both in his sculpture and in a written text, the Canon, Polykleitos sought to represent the nude male figure with perfect harmony among all parts and according to principles that could be reproduced by others.

 

He carefully designed his figures with special attention paid to bodily proportions and stance, so that the effect of the whole is singularly harmonious.

 

The thorax and pelvis of the Diadoumenos tilt in opposite directions, setting up rhythmic contrasts in the torso that create an impression of organic vitality.

 

The position of the feet poised between standing and walking give a sense of potential movement.

 

This rigorously calculated pose, which is found in almost all works attributed to Polykleitos, became a standard formula used in Greco-Roman and, later, western European art.

Of this marble copy, the head, arms, legs from the knees down, and tree trunk are ancient.

 

The remainder of the figure was cast from a marble copy found at Delos and now in the National Archaeological Museum in Athens.

 

The head is practically intact with even the nose unbroken.

 

The sharply carved eyelids bordered by ridges suggesting lashes, the transverse incision on the lower lip, and the crisply carved curls indicate a faithful rendering of the bronze original.