Yes, Seneca the Elder quotes the declaimer Triarius many times across his Controversiae and Suasoriae.[1]

The line you quoted ("pudet nos vinci fama et non gladio" / "We are ashamed to be defeated by reputation and not by the sword") is just one famous snippet of Triarius's sharp, epigrammatic style preserved in Seneca's books. [1]

Below are several other examples of Triarius's rhetorical phrases quoted by Seneca, provided in both Latin and English:

On a Hero Maimed in Battle

In a case about a brave man who lost his hands in war and was later mocked by adulterers: [1, 2]

• Latin: "Arma mihi perierunt cum manibus; tunc tamen primum damnum meum sensi."
• English: "My weapons were lost to me when I lost my hands; but this was the first time I actually felt my loss." [1]

On a Rapist Caught at Dawn

In a case involving a criminal whose late-night crimes were interrupted by the morning sun: [1]

• Latin: "Gratulor vobis, virgines, quod citius inluxit."
• English: "I congratulate you, virgins, that the dawn came swiftly." [1]

On Mutilated Children Forced to Beg

In a dramatic speech against a man who crippled exposed infants so he could profit from their begging: [1]

• Latin: "‘Perissent.’ Scio nos non esse crudeles: nemo tamen nostrum est qui non his miseris cum eleemosynam daret optaverit ut morerentur." [1]
• English: "‘They would have perished [otherwise],’ he says. I know we are not cruel: yet there is not one of us who, when holding out alms to these wretches, did not pray that they might die." [1]

On a Girl Attempting Suicide

Declaiming about a woman facing an impossible punishment on a cliffside: [1]

• Latin: "Mori vis—quia non potes."
• English: "You are willing to die—because you cannot." [1]

On a Tyrant's Fortune

Attacking a wealthy, corrupt figure who financed oppressive regimes: [1]

• Latin: "Ubi est ista fortuna tua quae tyrannos parat, quae adulteros facit? Ubi est? Certe in me nihil impendisti."
• English: "Where is that fortune of yours that equips tyrants, that makes adulterers? Where is it? Certainly you spent nothing on me." [1]

If you want, I can find more examples of Triarius's work by looking at a specific theme (like family drama, war, or tyranny) or give you more background on how Seneca the Elder critiqued his style. Let me know how you would like to proceed!