Reyer and Wagner, "Sigfrido"

Speranza

"Sigurd" is an opera in four acts and nine scenes by the French composer Ernest Reyer on a libretto by Camille du Locle and Alfred Blau.

Like Wagner's Ring of the Nibelung, the story is based on the Niebelungenlied and the Eddas, with some crucial differences from the better known Wagnerian version.

The role of the supernatural is limited and replaced in large part by fate.

The initial version of the libretto with a prologue set in heaven was later cut out.

The whole opera can best be described as an epic with techniques of the grand opera.

Initially sketched out in 1862 (and virtually completed in draft by 1867), the work waited many years before it was performed in full.

Orchestration of various fragments progressed much more slowly, and as they were completed, they were sometimes performed at various concerts.

Initial attempts at staging the work at the Paris Opéra failed, therefore the opera had its world premiere in the Théatre de la Monnaie in Brussels on January 7, 1884 (directed by Alexandre Lapissida).

Within a year it was also performed with great success in Covent Garden, Lyon, Monte Carlo and, finally, at the Paris Opéra on June 12, 1885, (directed there by Raoul Lapissida).

In America, the opera was first performed on December 24, 1891 at the French Opera House in New Orleans, and the Teatro alla Scala (Milan) performed it in 1894.

Since then it has had periodic revivals (but only in France or Monaco).

Then, after World War II, it was staged in 1963 and 1995 at the Opéra de Marseille (the last one with Alberto Cupido in the title role).

The opera was also performed in 1973 in concert at studio 104 of the Office de Radiodiffusion Télévision Française (ORTF) in Paris (Manuel Rosenthal was conducting; performance was recorded) and in 1993 at Festival de Radio France et Montpellier.[2]


[edit] RolesRole Voice type Premiere Cast, 7 January 1884[3]
(Conductor: Joseph Dupont)

Sigfrido, Frankish hero TENOR Julien Jourdain
Gunther, king of the Burgundians baritone Maurice Devriès
Hagen, warrior, companion of Gunther bass Léon-Pierre Gresse
Brunehild, Valkyrie expelled from Heaven soprano Rose Caron
Hilda, Gunther's sister mezzo-soprano Rosa Bosman
Uta, Hilda's nurse mezzo-soprano Blanche Deschamps-Jéhin
The high priest of Odin baritone Maurice Renaud
Rudiger baritone M. Boussa
Irnfrid tenor Jean Goffoël
Hawart baritone Mansuède
Ramunc bass Stalport
The bard tenor
Burgundian warriors, Burgundian people, Icelandic people, Priests, Wives of Burgundian warriors, Maids to Hilda and the Queen, Valets, envoys of Attila, etc.

In the ballets:

Act 1: The three Norns, Valkyries, Nixes, Elves, Cobbolds
Act 3: Warriors and Wives
Act 4 (Apotheosis): Enter to Odin's Paradise
[edit]

Synopsis

Place: Worms and Iceland

Time: 5th century, time of Attila

Hilda, the younger sister of Gunther, king of the Burgundians, loves the hero Sigurd, despite that she was expected to be given to Attila himself as a bride. At the instigation of her nurse (Uta) she gives Sigurd a magic potion which brings him to her feet. Sigurd, Gunther and Hagen then swear fealty to each other and set off to Iceland, where Brunehild lies asleep upon a lofty rock, surrounded by a circle of fire and some supernatural beings. There, Sigurd, to earn the hand of Hilda, must overcome those monsters and passes through the flames and wins Brunehild for Gunther. His face is closely hidden by his visor, and Brunehild in all innocence accepts Gunther as her saviour, and gives herself to him. The secret is afterwards disclosed by Hilda in a fit of jealous rage, whereupon Brunehild releases Sigurd from the enchantment of the potion. He recognises her as the bride ordained for him by the gods, and they sing together a passionate love duet, but before he can taste his new-found happiness he is treacherously slain by Gunther during hunting. His body is brought back to the palace and Brunehild mounts the funeral pyre. Powerful apotheosis ends the opera when spirits of Sigurd and Brunehild ascend to paradise, and soldiers of Attila are seen walking over corpses of Burgundians.[4]

[edit] Available recordingsMalibran Music, Dom Disques: Compilation of various fragments of the opera, made between 1910 and 1934, with Cesar Vezzani, Marcel Journet, Marjorie Lawrence, Germaine Lubin, and others (1 CD, 74 min.)
Le Chant du Monde, Harmonia Mundi LDC 27891719: concert ORTF, commercial recording of Sigurd, 1973, in studio, 3 CD, total 191 min), Rosenthal conducting, with the following cast: Guy Chauvet[5](tenor), Robert Massard (baritone), Jules Bastin (bass), Ernest Blanc (baritone), Nicolas Christou (bass-baritone), Bernard Demigny (baritone), Jean Dupouy (tenor), Claude Méloni (baritone), Jean Louis Soumagnas, Andréa Guiot[6] (soprano), Andrée Esposito (soprano), Denise Scharley (mezzo-soprano).[7]
Radio broadcast of live performance at Montpellier Festival on August 6, 1993, total 176 min, with following cast: Chris Merritt (Sigurd), Michèle Lagrange (Hilda), Valérie Millot (Brunehild), Monte Pederson (Gunther), Hélène Jossoud (Uta), Marcel Vanaud (High Priest), Alain Vernhes (Hagen), Wojtek Smilek (Barde), conducted by Günter Neuhold (the performance was taped, however never released commercially).
DVD of live performance in Marseilles on June 22, 1995 (182 min): Alberto Cupido (Sigurd), Françoise Pollet (Brunehild), Cécilie Perrin (Hilda), Jean-Philippe Lafont (Gunther), Viorica Cortez (Uta), Jean-Marc Ivaldi (High Priest), Antoine Garcin (Hagen), Dietfried Bernet conducting (never released commercially).
[edit] References1.^ In Review from around the world: Marseille, Opera News, December 9, 1995.
2.^ Search result for Sigurd historical performances at AmadeusOnLine
3.^ La Monnaie Archives
4.^ Streatfield R A. The Opera. London, Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd, 1925.
5.^ Biographical notes for Guy Chauvet at French Wikipedia
6.^ Biographical notes for Andréa Guiot at French Wikipedia
7.^ Note that both those above mentioned recordings, historical and the one of Rosenthal (1973) were the only commercially released recordings of that opera, but they are both out of print and circulation, and cannot be found easily.
Upton, George P.; Borowski, Felix (1928). The Standard Opera Guide. New York: Blue Ribbon Books. pp. 293–295.
Sigurd article from Upton's book on the Web
Huebner, Steven (2006). French Opera at the Fin de Siecle: Sigurd - Vallhalla á la Française. Oxford Univ. Press, US. pp. 178–194. ISBN 9780195189544. http://books.google.com/books?id=KSQGZOTQKmwC&pg=PA178&dq=%22Sigurd+Valhalla%22.
[edit] External linksLibretto at Karadar.com
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sigurd_(opera)&oldid=476252010"
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