Grice e Zubiena

 The history of the Faculty of Philosophy (La Facoltà di Filosofia) at the University of Bologna since its foundation is a complex and evolving one, intertwined with the development of the university itself. Here's a brief overview:

Early Years & Foundation:

• The University of Bologna, one of the oldest universities in Europe, traces its origins back to the 11th century.
• Initially, the university focused primarily on law, gaining renown in the 12th-13th centuries.
• Around the year 1200, the faculties of medicine and philosophy (or liberal arts) were established.
• This suggests that philosophical studies, as part of the liberal arts curriculum, were present in the early structure of the university. 

Medieval Period and Scholasticism:

• During the medieval period, scholarship at Bologna, including philosophical studies, was influenced by scholasticism.
• This meant that philosophical inquiry was often conducted within a framework established by Christian doctrine, employing rigorous analysis and debate to reconcile faith and reason.
• Scholars employed dialectical reasoning to examine legal principles and align philosophy and theology with reasoned argumentation. 

Renaissance and Beyond:

• The University saw a renewed focus on arts and culture during the Napoleonic era, with philosophical thought continuing to evolve.
• During the 14th century, philosophical disciplines like arithmetic, astronomy, grammar, logic, and rhetoric were taught alongside law.
• The 15th century saw the introduction of Hebrew and Greek studies, and the 16th century brought the study of natural magic, a precursor to experimental science.
• This period saw debates between proponents of natural law and those supporting more conservative philosophy and theology.
• Bologna became a hub for advanced instruction in various fields, including philosophy. 

Modern Era and Contemporary Focus:

In recent times, the Faculty of Philosophy at Bologna offers studies in a wide range of philosophical periods and traditions, from Ancient to Contemporary Philosophy, including the history of political philosophy and Italian philosophy. The curriculum emphasizes the critical reading of philosophical texts within their historical context, exploring their ongoing relevance and interpretations. Current research includes dialogue between ancient western philosophy and contemporary debates, focusing on topics like Platonic epistemology and Aristotelian ethics. The modern curriculum also covers key figures in philosophy such as Descartes, Locke, Leibniz, and Hume. 

The evolution of philosophical studies at the University of Bologna demonstrates its adaptation to intellectual currents and historical periods, maintaining its role as a vital center for philosophical inquiry and education.